: Research suggests children who are spanked are more likely to be physically aggressive and use violence against spouses later in life. Noteworthy Historical and Legal Cases
: Can impair cognitive and socio-emotional development. beating
Major public incidents of "beating" have historically sparked national debates on civil rights and law enforcement. : Research suggests children who are spanked are
: Linked to increased anxiety, depression, and substance abuse in adulthood. and substance abuse in adulthood.