A is a text file containing lists of compromised usernames and passwords —often in the format email:password —that have been stolen from various online services during data breaches.

: Turn on Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) on all important accounts. This provides a critical second layer of defense even if a hacker has your password.

: Immediately update passwords for sensitive accounts, especially if you reuse them across different sites.

: Files titled "Just Dumped.zip" found on forums or file-sharing sites often contain malware or stealers designed to infect the downloader's own computer.