Running nmap reveals open ports, typically 21 (FTP) , 22 (SSH) , and 80 (HTTP) .
After gaining a shell as a low-privileged user (often www-data or tom ): Check for binaries that can be run as root. FUNHXX17.zip
Depending on the version of the VM you are running, it may be vulnerable to recent Linux kernel exploits. Running nmap reveals open ports, typically 21 (FTP)
The machine runs a background cron job or script that automatically processes/unzips files placed in certain directories (like /var/www/html/uploads or the FTP upload folder). Running nmap reveals open ports
If the zip contained a , you simply navigate to the location where the script was extracted to trigger a connection back to your listener ( nc -lvnp 4444 ). 4. Privilege Escalation