The is a seminal essay by Italian economic historian Carlo M. Cipolla , first published in 1976. It presents a satirical yet rigorous framework for understanding stupidity as a distinct and highly dangerous social force. The Five Basic Laws
The probability of being stupid is independent of any other characteristic, such as education or status. The basic laws of human stupidity
Non-stupid people fail to realize how costly dealing with stupid people is. The is a seminal essay by Italian economic historian Carlo M